Chapter 45
Paul VI
21 June 1963 — 6 August 1978
Giovanni
Battista Montini, Archbishop of Milan and former Vatican diplomat, might
have been elected pope in 1958 had he been a cardinal at that time, for
he was freely mooted as papable then. But he did not receive his
cardinal’s hat until bestowed by John XXIII later in 1958. At the time
of his birth on September 27, 1897, in northern Italy, it was not
essential for a pope to be a cardinal at the time of his election, but
in the modern era it certainly had become almost an unstipulated
prerequisite.
Numbers of men who were not yet cardinals have been
elected pope in the past. History attests that one pope was ordained a
priest after he was elected pope. This was the first John XXIII
who was later declared to be an antipope.
Montini had worked in the Vatican during the crucial
years of the Nazi era. He was to preside over the last three sessions of
Vatican II. The concept of Papal Infallibility survived Vatican II.
Therein lay future problems for the world. A few branches had been
lopped off the tree but the roots remained firmly embedded in the soil.
October 29, 30, 1964, were sensational days at
Vatican II. Cardinal Léger, Archbishop of Montreal, spoke for a more
liberal view of the purpose of sexual intercourse in marriage. Cardinal
Leon Joseph Suenens, Archbishop of Brussels, spoke for a reexamination
on the matter of the use of artificial contraception, and once more the
Patriarch of Antioch intervened in the proceedings claiming that the
Roman Catholic Church’s stand on contraception forced Catholics to live
in violation of Church law. These prelates, perhaps, did not count upon
an "infallible" pope thwarting their initiatives. To the pain of
numerous lay Roman Catholics, their lives were to continue to be lived
in breach of Roman Catholic canon law.
Cardinal Alfredo Ottavani, the head of the Holy
Office, spoke in opposition. He correctly stated,
I am not pleased with the text where it says that
married couples can decide for themselves the number of children to
have. This has never been heard in the Church before.
"The methods to be followed in these [birth control]
studies," said Cardinal Suenens at a press conference, "would have to be
submitted to the pope and judged by his supreme authority." Thus faded
the hopes of millions of Roman Catholics. And thus was reconfirmed, not
only the centralized church structure, but, implicitly, the
Infallibility of the pope. Despite its powerful use to bring prelates,
priests and laity into line, we wonder whether any pope in his inward
heart has ever believed it. Surely a study of the lives of many of his
predecessors would cause a pontiff to wonder.
Peter de Rosa was not setting out to vilify his
church nor was he making unsubstantiated claims when he recorded that,
among the popes were a large number of married men,
some of whom gave up their wives and children in exchange for the
papal office. Many were sons of priests, bishops and popes; some were
bastards; one was a widower, another an ex-slave; several were
murderers, some unbelievers, some were hermits, some were heretics,
sadists and sodomites, many became popes by buying the papacy
(simony), and continued their days selling holy things to rake in the
money; one at least was a Satan-worshipper; some fathered illegitimate
children, some were fornicators and adulterers on a grand scale; some
were astonishingly old, some even more astonishingly young; some were
poisoned; others strangled, worst of all were those who worshipped a
granite God. (Vicars of Christ, pp. 39, 40)
We do not cite this statement in order to take a
cheap shot at the Papacy. All churches have skeletons in their
cupboards, for Satan is never slow to attack professed Christians. But
we do so in order to underline how preposterous is the notion of placing
our faith in any human being, let alone declaring infallible 264 men,
all too many possessing evil characters, when they spoke on behalf of
their church. The Scriptures strictly forbid such folly.
It is better to trust in the Lord than to put
confidence in princes. (Psalm 118:9)
Cease ye from man, whose breath is in his nostrils:
for wherein is he to be accounted of? (Isaiah 2:22)
Thus saith the Lord; Cursed be the man that
trusteth in man, and maketh flesh his arm, and whose heart departeth
from the Lord. (Jeremiah 17:5)
The decision of the Council to permit the service of
the Mass to be delivered in the language of the people rather than Latin
caused much consternation in certain circles.
Archbishop Marcel Lefèbvre of France believed Vatican
II to be heretical. He insisted that the Mass was only valid when Latin
was used. While this seems to Protestants to be archaic thinking and a
matter of small moment, Lefèbvre struck a chord in the hearts of many
devout Roman Catholics. The depth of Lefèbvre’s ire can be gauged by his
statement upon hearing of John Paul I’s death. He said,
It is difficult to believe that the death is
natural considering all the creatures of the devil in the Vatican.
(David Yallop, In God’s Name, Bantam Books, London 1984, p.
239)
Lefèbvre’s followers refused to recognize John Paul
I’s election as pope because this was the first Papal Conclave in which,
as had been decreed by Paul VI, all cardinals over the age of eighty
were excluded. Traditionalists believed that the introduction of this
restriction invalidated the election.
It is a feature of Christian life that many
professing Christ do not discern the difference in that, when biblical
imperatives are under attack, we must at any cost stand for truth for
they are divine imperatives; whereas in contrast, in matters of opinion
unrelated to biblical faith, the will of the majority must prevail in
order to maintain the unity of the church. The followers of Archbishop
Lefèbvre felt that Pope John Paul I’s selection of the names of the two
conveners of Vatican II was ominous.
Malachi Martin was a close intimate of Cardinal
Augustin Bea; both were Jesuits. It may have been from Bea that Martin
gleaned some details of the voting in the Conclave which elected Paul
VI. In his book The Keys of this Blood, Martin carefully reveals
(pp. 607, 608) so as not to compromise his source, who would have been
sworn to secrecy, that the conservative Cardinal Giuseppe Siri,
Archbishop of Genoa, was elected but when asked,"Acceptasne fieri in
Romanum Pontificem?" (Do you accept to be made pope?) he replied,
"Non accepto" (I do not accept). It was only then that Giovanni Montini
was elected. He was thought to be more liberal than Siri, but, if this
rumor is correct, it may have been the initial success of Siri in the
Conclave that caused Paul VI to pursue a less than liberal course in his
pontificate.
The ecumenical thrust of Vatican II was fully
pursued. The aims of the Ecumenical Movement seem so eminently noble
that few saw the ultimate end. The major Scriptural passage used to
drive the ecumenical movement was John 17:21—23.
That they all may be one; as thou, Father, art in
me, and I in thee, that they also may be one in us: that the world may
believe that thou hast sent me. And the glory which thou gavest me I
have given them; that they may be one, even as we are one: I in them,
and thou in me, that they may be made perfect in one; and that the
world may know that thou hast sent me, and hast loved them, as thou
hast loved me. (John 17:21—23)
Who would oppose efforts to fulfill this beautiful
prayer of Christ? The answer is, No true Christian. Yet we dare to
oppose the ecumenical movement. Why? Because Christ’s prayer is prefaced
by the very condition which He lays down for unity. That preface states:
Sanctify them through thy truth: thy word is truth.
As thou hast sent me into the world, even so have I also sent them
into the world. And for their sakes I sanctify myself, that they also
might be sanctified through the truth. Neither pray I for these alone,
but for them also which shall believe on me through their word. (John
17:17—20)
Here we see that Christ’s call for unity is not
undefined. There is a Satanic counterfeit: it is unity at almost any
price. But genuine unity can only be based upon truth that sanctifies
the life, as Christ emphasized twice in His preface. Any other platform
of unity must be eschewed, for it will serve the enemy of truth, the
archenemy of mankind, Satan.
Thus union with Rome cannot be a valid aim for those
who understand her disregard of Bible truth. Rome has counterfeited
almost every Bible doctrine: the Mass is a counterfeit of the Lord’s
Supper; Christening is a counterfeit of true adult baptism by immersion:
And Jesus, when he was baptized, went up
straightway out of the water: and, lo, the heavens were opened
unto him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove, and
lighting upon him. (Matthew 3:16, emphasis supplied)
Penance denies the forgiveness of Christ of the
repentant soul;
For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that
not of yourselves: it is the gift of God: not of works, lest any man
should boast. (Ephesians 2:8, 9)
Confirmation counterfeits the study of Scriptural
truth before baptism;
Go ye therefore, and teach all nations,
baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the
Holy Ghost: teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I
have commanded you: and, lo, I am with you alway, even unto the end of
the world. (Matthew 28:19, 20, emphasis supplied)
Extreme Unction which is said to cleanse "the soul
from venial [non-mortal] sin [and] takes away guilt of unknown mortal
sins." (the Complete Catholic Handbook for the Latter Days,
Britons Catholic Library, approved by the Roman Catholic archbishops and
bishops in England and Wales, undated but sold in Australian Roman
Catholic book stores in the 1990s). Only Christ’s mediation for us (1
Timothy 2:5) can achieve cleansing from sin. The Bible promotes no
multiple categories of sin. The hierarchial structure of the Roman
Catholic Sacrament of Holy Orders was not designed of Christ.
But be not ye called Rabbi: for one is your Master,
even Christ; and all ye are brethren. And call no man father upon the
earth: for one is your Father, which is in heaven. (Matthew 23:8,9)
Even the Sacrament of Marriage, so apparently
honorable has placed in the hands of the priestly celebrants power that
is only Christ bestowed. It "Increases habitual grace." (Complete
Catholic Handbook for the Latter Days, op.cit., p. 54)
Grace and truth came by Jesus Christ. (John 1:17)
The errors of each of the seven "holy sacraments"
mentioned above, which are the center of Roman Catholic faith and
practice, are but a few of the counterfeits of God’s truth which no
Bible believer can in conscience accept.
But pursuing the Vatican’s ecumenical aims, four
Provincial globalist situation rooms have been set up by the Vatican
following Vatican II. The first of these seeks means of bringing Islam
into the Roman fold.
The second considers—
several groups of Christians ([Seventh-day]
Adventists, Baptistic and Evangelical sects) and non-Christians
(Christian Scientists, Jehovah’s Witnesses, Mormons, Unitarians), who
are as exclusive minded as their Muslim counterparts, but without the
expressly political ambitions and the revolutionary extremism.
(Martin, op.cit., p. 285)
The third situation room explores means of bringing
the various Eastern Orthodox churches and the Anglican Church back to
the body of Rome. The fourth situation room seeks the conversion of
non-Christian religions including "animism, Shintoism, Hinduism and
Buddhism." (Martin, op cit., p. 289)
Rome is not prepared to compromise her faith and
practice, except in trivial matters, in order to achieve unity, nor is
there the least intention to abrogate any of her counterfeit doctrines
in order to achieve her aims. Malachi Martin makes this plain in the
pages of his book which deal with these Provincial Globalist groups (pp.
282—292). The old saying that all roads lead to Rome has never possessed
more veracity than in the Ecumenical Movement, which has besotted the
minds of so many non-Roman Catholics.
We can expect that the unknown clerics manning these
situation rooms scan the web sites of the various persuasions they are
designed to target, ever probing their weaknesses. These problems most
faiths display on their web sites for their fellow believers’ eyes,
almost oblivious that in Rome others are likely searching their screens
with very different motives and agenda.
When, for example, Rome notes the discord in the
Anglican Church over the ordination of women priests it is to her
advantage to foster the very doctrine she opposes, for thousands of
British Anglicans have returned to Rome in consternation believing,
correctly, that the Anglican Church has breached Bible order in their
decision to ordain women to the priesthood. It may not be doubted that
when the Anglican Archbishop of Perth, Peter Carnley, was voted Anglican
Primate of Australia in 1999, Rome rejoiced, for he was in the forefront
of ordaining women to the priesthood.
Thus while Protestants and Orthodox Christians warmly
welcomed many of the ecumenical initiatives of Vatican II and the new
spirit of conciliation which apparently was exuded, Rome had not in the
least lost sight of her ultimate plan to bring all men under her
religious and political sway.
The Roman Catholic Church recognizes that the first
Provincial Global group has a stiff task ahead in the face of just under
one billion Moslems inhabiting North Africa, Asia and Southeast Europe.
It has exploited our lady of Fatima to the fullest since Mohammed’s
daughter was named Fatima. That may appear to be a tissue-thin link, but
it has aroused no little interest in the Islamic world.
Rome knows that the second Provincial Globalist group
is dealing with a group which is proselytizing Roman Catholics. Yet
through the BEM (Baptism, Eucharist and Ministry) accord signed in Lima,
Peru in 1982, Rome has made giant strides. That accord agreed to
recognize both forms of Christian baptism as valid, even though one is
scriptural and one is an unscriptural counterfeit. The same applies to
accepting the blasphemous Mass as equally valid with the Communion
Service, but Rome ever believes that the Mass alone is valid. In the
matter of Ministry, Rome has hit upon a winner. It also agreed to the
concept that evangelism be confined to non-Christians, pagans and
atheists. Of course Rome will never abide by a prohibition on inviting
other Christians into its fold. But within Protestantism, in acceptance
of this BEM document, there has arisen a concept of the establishment of
churches for the unchurched. Thus the gospel truth is effectively
withheld from Roman Catholics. Most of the churches, in any case, are
bereft of true spirituality, and have degenerated into entertainment
centers, being strongly influenced by the charismatic movement and the
celebration worship form, the latter arising out of Vatican II.
Paul VI set the precedent of widely travelling around
the world. He earned the designation, "The Pilgrim Pope." But Paul’s
travels were designed for specific purposes. Some were simply stopovers
on journeys to other locations. Among these were brief visits to Hong
Kong, Indonesia, Iran, Samoa and Sri Lanka. He traveled to Australia,
Colombia, India, Philippines and Uganda to attend Eucharistic
celebrations. But he did visit Israel and Turkey to spend time in
discussions with the Greek Orthodox fraternity and he visited New York
in order to create history by speaking at the United Nations.
He had set foot in Islamic lands such as Indonesia,
Iran and Turkey and Buddhist nations including Hong Kong and Sri Lanka,
the Hindu nation of India and the Jewish nation of Israel. It can
scarcely be doubted that the ecumenical thrust of Vatican II was not far
from his mind.
Paul VI had led the way and John Paul II later made
Paul’s travels appear to be minimal by comparison. By the middle of 2001
John Paul had visited 126 nations. Every continent except Antarctica has
been visited. John Paul has received warm welcomes from religious
leaders of every color and stripe and from those who profess no faith of
any kind. John Paul’s itineraries have been even more ecumenically
directed than Paul’s. He has visited Australia, our homeland, twice, in
November, 1986 and January, 1995, and news reports claim that he is
planning a third visit at the end of 2001. This seems excessive for a
nation which is predominantly non-Roman Catholic. Surely in his busy
schedule and in view of his ill-health his aims must exceed pastoral
visits to his flock.
One nation which did reject a papal visit in 1976
during Paul VI’s pontificate was Poland. Maybe the Polish Communist
Party saw the future more clearly than some suppose. How different this
was from the tumultuous welcome received by John Paul II three years
later when he arrived in Warsaw on June 2, 1979.
These policies were part of the Vatican II initiative
of aggiornamento which was an updating of the Papacy in order to
fling open its windows to the world.
Incredibly, Paul VI narrowly avoided dismissal from
the Papal throne. He contemplated alterations to the Mass which some
cardinals within the Curia believed would destroy it. Cardinals Alfredo
Ottaviani and Antonio Bacci informed Paul that if he went forward with
his alterations they would publicly denounce him, absolve all Roman
Catholics from allegiance to him and have him deposed as a heretic.
Apparently Paul did not consider the issue sufficiently significant to
test the resolve of Ottaviani and Bacci or perhaps he felt it prudent,
in order to retain his rank, to retreat from his intention. Had such
taken place, it would have been the Papal scandal of the twentieth
century.
Nevertheless Paul did manage to have generally
accepted the Novus Ordo (New Order) Mass which he ordered to replace the
traditional Mass on March 26, 1970. Critics, however were not few. They
declared that the claimed presence of the actual body and blood of
Christ in the bread and wine, respectively, had been diluted in the
ceremony. But little by little the traditional Mass has returned to
popularity. Rome could never finally discard such blasphemy. (See the
chapter entitled "Blasphemy.")
Paul VI did summon sufficient courage to turn the
tide which was running in favor of the use of artificial forms of birth
control, a stance even strengthened by John Paul II. Paul’s Encyclical
Humane Vitae (Human Life), broke the hearts of both liberal
priests and laity by upholding the Roman Catholic Church’s traditional
view on the issue.
Throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries
successive popes had at times focused so much on Mary that she appeared
to take preeminence over Jesus in their supplications. On November 21,
1964, Paul VI proclaimed Mary to be the Mother of the Church. His
successor once removed, John Paul II, freely spoke of Mary as our
Mediatrix, defying Scripture which emphatically states,
For there is one God, and one mediator between God
and men, the man Christ Jesus. (1 Timothy 2:5)
On at least six occasions before the turn of the
millennium he referred to Mary as Co-Redemptrix. How could a poor sinful
mortal, however noble, ever achieve such a status, which alone was the
preserve of Deity? Or did the Roman Catholic Church now see Mary as
their goddess?
The continued elevation of that virtuous woman, Mary,
beyond her rightful estate, has greatly weakened the Roman Catholic
Church. It has led to the Marian Movement which reports a plethora of
Marian apparitions worldwide every year. Numerous words come from "her"
mouth while the Roman clergy fail to utter a warning of the Biblical
danger of spiritism in the Christian church in the last days. Pius XII’s
false Dogma of the Bodily Assumption of Mary to Heaven has dispelled
proper caution in assessing spiritual phenomena.
Now the Spirit speaketh expressly, that in the
latter times some shall depart from the faith, giving heed to seducing
spirits, and doctrines of devils. (1 Timothy 4:1)
Since Mary is dead, this caution is all the more
applicable. Paul VI would have done far better if he had proclaimed
Christ as the Head of the true Christian Church.
Marian apparitions leave Roman Catholics vulnerable
to suggestions from Satan, mouthed by a "sweet, loving woman." The devil
is full of charm when it suits his vile purposes. Already Marian
apparitions have exalted errors such as the Mass, Confession to priests
and Sunday observance (Ted Flynn, Video tape, Prophecy and the New
Times, Maxkol Institute, 1997). Such declarations of error as truth
immediately direct the Bible student to the true source of such
apparitions.
Paul VI died on August 6, 1978. His pontificate of
fifteen years duration would never be described as great. He appeared
neither to fully espouse Vatican II nor to resolutely oppose it. After
all, he presided over much of it. It is difficult when reviewing his
tenure of office to note any further healing of the deadly wound as was
seen during the far shorter reign of his predecessor, John XXIII, or
during that of his successor, John Paul II, whose policies led to the
healing, totally and utterly, of that wound. He simply maintained the
almost healed wound as he found it when he took office.
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